Below are some simple steps to follow initially:. Before formatting a corrupt partition, it is always important to take a backup to avoid any kind of data loss. As there is a data backup available, you can go ahead and follow the below process to repair the raw partition to NTFS.
When the NTFS partitions are damaged or failed, the internal built-in functions can barely help to resolve and make them work properly. Select the location on your computer from where the data has been lost following the below steps:. Recoverit will start an auto-scan of the selected location. Generally, this scan time may differ from minutes to hours based on the size of the files available in the location. Recoverit allows you to preview the files before you recover them.
This comes with a preview interface that pops up after clicking on the preview button available under the image on the right-hand side. In this case recovery software accesses this drive on the low level bypassing system boot for example, if you boot from another HDD or bootable floppy and will help you to see all other files and directories on the drive and allow you to copy to the safe place onto another drive.
In this case you have less chances to restore your data in compare to the case where OS is not bootable due to the missing or corrupted system files, however recovery software usually uses some tricks to display may be not all but some of the entries that are still safe and allow you to save your data to another location.
Physical partition recovery. The goal is to find out the problem and write some information to the proper place on HDD and after that partition becomes visible to OS again. You can do it manually using Disk Editors and some guidelines or use recovery software, designed for this purpose. Virtual partition recovery. This approach can be applied in some cases when physical partition recovery is not possible for example, partition boot sector is dead and is commonly used by recovery software.
It's very hard almost impossible to implement it manually. Lets consider the topics, related to the recovery of partitions in common, not specific to the particular file system.
We have the following cases:. It is very important data structure on the disk. The Master Boot Record contains the Partition Table for the disk and a small amount of executable code for the boot start. The location is always the first sector on the disk.
The first 0x1BE bytes are MBR itself, the next 64 bytes are the Partition Table, the last two bytes in the sector are a signature word for the sector and are always 0x55AA. For our disk layout we have MBR:. When we try to boot after hardware testing procedures, we see just blank screen without any messages. It means the piece of code at the beginning of the MBR could not be executed properly. That's why even error messages could not be displayed. However, if we boot from the floppy, we can see FAT partition, files on it and we are able to perform standard operations like file copy, program execution It happens because in our example only part of the MBR has been damaged which does not allow the system to boot properly.
However, the partition table is safe and we can access our drives when we boot from the operating system installed on the other drive.
What will happen if sector signature last word 0x55AA has been removed or damaged? When we try to boot now, we see an error message like "Operating System not found". Thus the first thing if computer does not boot is to run Disk Viewer and check the first physical sector on HDD, whether it looks like valid MBR or not:.
In this case recovery software is unable to help you to bring HDD back to the working condition, i. The only thing that can be done is to scan and search for partitions i. Third party software, like Active File Recovery, will help you here. The information about primary partitions and extended partition is contained in the Partition Table, a byte data structure, located in the same sector as the Master Boot Record cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1.
The Partition Table conforms to a standard layout, which is independent of the operating system. The last two bytes in the sector are a signature word for the sector and are always 0x55AA. Each Partition Table entry is 16 bytes long, making a maximum of four entries available. Thus the MBR loader can assume the location and size of partitions. MBR loader looks for the "active" partition, i. It means that the loader cannot determine which partition is system and active to pass control to.
Loader will try to boot from there, fails, try to boot again from other devices like floppy, and if fails to boot again, we'll see an error message like "Non-System Disk or Disk Error". If we try to boot now, the previous second FAT partition becomes the first and the loader will try to boot from it. And if it's not a system partition, we'll get the same error messages. If we try to boot now, the MBR loader will try to read and interpret zeros or other garbage as partition parameters and we'll get an error message like "Missing Operating System".
Thus, the second step in partition recovery is to run Disk Viewer and to make sure that the proper partition exists in the partition table and has been set as active. Because if recovery software finds it, all necessary parameters to reconstruct partition entry in the Partition Table are there. What would happen if partition entry had been deleted then recreated with other parameters and re-formatted? In this case, instead of the original partition entry we would have a new one and everything would work fine except that later on we could recall that we had some important data on the original partition.
Some advanced recovery tools also have an ability to scan disk surface and try to reconstruct the previously deleted partition information from the pieces of left information i. However it is not guaranteed that you can recover something. The Partition Boot Sector contains information, which the file system uses to access the volume. On personal computers, the Master Boot Record uses the Partition Boot Sector on the system partition to load the operating system kernel files. Partition Boot Sector is the first sector of the Partition.
The remaining code is the bootstrap code that is necessary for the proper system boot and the end of sector marker shown in bold print.
This sector is so important on NTFS, for example, duplicate of the boot sector is located on the disk. After we fail to load from it and from floppy, partition becomes unbootable. Because a normally functioning system relies on the boot sector to access a volume, it is highly recommended that you run disk-scanning tools such as CHKDSK regularly, as well as back up all of your data files to protect against data loss in case you lose access to the volume.
If duplicate boot sector is not found, only virtual partition recovery might be possible if we can determine critical partition parameters such as Sectors per Cluster, etc.. It can try to find out duplicate boot sector on the drive and re-create the original one or perform virtual data recovery based on found partition parameters. Some advanced techniques allow assuming drive parameters even if duplicate boot sector is not found i.
For Operating System to boot properly, system files required to be safe. Windows Vist and newer Windows versions have completely different set of boot system files. If these files have been deleted, corrupted, damaged by virus, Windows will be unable to boot. So, the next step in recovery process is to check the existence and safety of system files for sure, you won't able to check them all, but you must check at least NTLDR,ntdetect.
This disk is recommended to create after you install and customize Windows. To create it, use the "Backup" utility from System Tools. If you do not have an ERD, the emergency repair process can attempt to locate your Windows installation and start repairing your system, but it may not be able to do so. To run the process, boot from Windows bootable disks or CD, and choose Repair option when system suggests you to proceed with installation or repairing.
Fast Repair is recommended for most users, Manual Repair — for Administrators and advanced users only. If the emergency repair process is successful, your computer will automatically restart and you should have a working system. You can list and display folder content, copy, delete, replace files, format drives and perform many other administrative tasks.
To run Recovery Console, boot from Windows bootable disks or CD and choose Repair option, when system suggests you to proceed with installation or repairing and then press C to run Recovery Console. DoD Gives full access to even non-bootable PC and provides a platform for data recovery tools. Efficient and easy to use tool for restoring deleted or lost files, damaged or re-formatted volumes, even if your PC doesn't boot. Easily detects and recovers recently deleted partitions.
Advanced low-level scan may detect partitions which were deleted a long time ago, even if you have created new ones and even formatted them. Advanced scan algorithms help to restore files even from severely damaged disks.
The disk images may be used for backups, PC upgrades or disk duplication purposes. Active Live CD is a powerful set of tools that will help you in a number of data recovery and data security scenarios.
Tools for fixing NTFS partitions and files.
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